Taj Mahal

India is a large country in south Asia on the Indian peninsula, extending southwards from the Himalaya mountain range into the Indian ocean. With a total area of 3287240 sq km India measures 3000km from north to south and almost 3000km from its eastermost tip to its westernmost tip. It is a parliamentary republic and the most populous democracy in the world. India is home to one of the oldest civilisations in the world, the Indus valley civilisation, which developed starting from 3300 BCE in western India. Over the centuries several states formed in the current Indian territory. Three major religions, Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism originated in India, while Islam arrived in the first millennium CE and shaped the region's diverse culture. India was first unified under one rule during the British colonial period and gained independence in 1947.

India is the world's 12th largest economy in terms of GDP. Economic reforms initiated in 1991 have set its economy on a development path with high annual GDP growth rates. India however still suffers from high levels of poverty, illiteracy and malnutrition. India has an impressive cultural heritage and highly interesting nature and wildlife and diverse sceneries. Tourism in India is relatively undeveloped, but growing at double digits rates.

Uttar Pradesh, the fifth largest and the most populous state in India, lies in northern India and borders with Nepal to the north. The administrative and legislative capital is Lucknow while the judicial capital is Allahabad. Uttar Pradesh covers a large part of the densely populated plains around the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. It is home to 176 million inhabitants.

The Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan between 1633 and 1650 as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Arjumand Bano Begum, who died at the age of 39. The Taj Mahal lies on the banks of the Yamuna river in the city of Agra. It is built out of white marble.

 

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